Heating system



April 21, 1925.

s. CRISTIANI HEATING SYSTEM Filed Jqly. 31, 1922 verz n 0 015/222 fll In men/ ar:

5 Mag/3 Patented Apr. 21, 1925,

"rear OFFICE.

SEVEBINO GRISTIANI, QF MILAN, ITALY.

, HEATING SYSTEM.

Application filed Ju y 1922, Serial No. 578,824.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SEVERINO Cnrs'rnuvr,

a citizen of Kingdom of Italy, residing at Milan, Italy, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heating Systems, of which the following is a specification. The present invention has for its object a new system of heat accumulation obtained by means of disintegrated masses, which are preferably grainlike and spherical and heated through any source of thermal en ergy (for instance by electrical energy). The heat accumulated in the said disinte grated masses is employed in the required quantity and at the desired temperature by carrying it by any mechanical means from the heat accumulation chambers to the utilization chambers suitable quantities of the said masses acting as an accumulator. During the heating the accumulating mass acts as a single lump, every particle of which attains the same temperature and acquires a quantity of heat, which is proportional to its weight. If this mass and consequently the total heat quantity herein contained is subdivided in a certain number of parts, it is possible to constitute heating chambers, wherein calories are utilized in any suitable way and in different quantities.

An accumulator of the described type allows of utilization at the same time in dif ferent utilization chambers of different and changeable quantities of heat at an effective initial temperature depending upon the mass constituting the said chamber and which consequently may be established to any value lower than the temperature attained by the accumulating mass. The same accumulator allows also of effecting many heatings at even initial temperatures in the same chamber, or in even utilization chambers, which is very important for the practical heating operations and cannot be obtained by means of accumulators constituted by a single lump.

The accompanying drawing represents diagrammatically by way of example a form of execution of the present invention, and precisely the Figure 1 shows a crosssectional view of an apparatus of the said system, and Figure 2 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the same made by two vertical and parallel planes, one of which passing through the accumulation chamber and the other through one of the two utilization chambers.

According to the drawing the particles of granular refractory material constituting the accumulator mass A are loaded in the accumulation chamber D, the walls of which are made of a non-conducting material and receive the heat through one or many electrical resistances R, which are placed among the particles to be heated. The accumulation chamber communicates by means of the pipes I with the utilization chambers E, the said pipes being provided with adjustable valves 13 for discharging from the chamber D. The grainlike particles are gathered together in the utilization chambers E covering the heating chambers F and are provided with openings G in the bottom, in order to enable the discharging of the grainlike particles, passing into the tank H. By means of any mechanical device the grainlike mass can be afterwards brought again into the accumulation chamber D, from which it recommences its cycle.

Thus an effective conveyance of heat takes place in the required quantity and at the desired temperature, which conveyance assures in the utilization chambers a work according to the wants and the exigencies of the heating to be executed. The source of the heat may be continuous or intermittent, according to necessity.

The shape of the apparatus and the number of accumulation and utilization chambers as also the number of the tanks wherein the grains are gathered together, given by way of example, are in no way limitative and modifications may be made therein, without departing from the aim of the invention. may have any suitable shape and disposition and be provided with adjustable valves or common valves according to the construc tion wants of the different utilization apparatus.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention and in What manner the same is to be per formed, I declare that what I claim is 1. In a heating system, the combination of a chamber adapted to receive a mass of granular refractory material provided with a casing of heat-insulating material; and a chamber to receive articles to be heated, the last named chamber having :2.

Moreover the conveyance pipes f compartment entirely surrounding it but devoid of communication with it, a heat-insulating casing enclosing said compartment, means for heating the first-named chamber,

1' and a pipe leading from the interior of said in the contents of said last-named chamber.

2. The herein-described method of trans fer-ring heat by means of granular refractorymaterial which consists in heating said material, and then conveying it to its point of utilization Where it entirely surrounds but remains out of contact with the article to be heated.

In testimony whereof I affix my signa- 

